LTC Glossary
An event not intended by anyone but which has the result of injuring someone or damaging something (1). Because of this broader meaning, for the [...]
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In the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), the term “activity” is used in the broadest sense to capture the execution of a [...]
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Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a short-term mental health condition that can occur within the first days after experiencing a traumatic event. Acute Stress Disorder [...]
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Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a short-term mental health condition that can occur within the first days after experiencing a traumatic event. Acute Stress Disorder [...]
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State of pain, suffering, distress. Can be both mental or physical. Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/affliction
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An emotion characterized by apprehension and somatic symptoms of tension in which an individual anticipates impending danger, catastrophe, or misfortune. The body often mobilizes itself [...]
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A group of mental health disorders characterised by excessive, disproportionate fear or anxiety that disrupt daily life. Although fear and anxiety are natural, in these [...]
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A person who was not involved in the crash and who did not fully witnessed it, but who was around when it took place Source: [...]
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The process of modifying model parameters (e.g. material properties) to reach a target response (reference) defined beforehand. Depending on the specific problem, the model can [...]
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fered to as "model tuning". The process of modifying model parameters (e.g. material properties) to reach a target response (reference) defined beforehand. Depending on the [...]
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Compassion fatigue refers to a state of emotional and psychological exhaustion resulting from prolonged exposure to the suffering of others, particularly in the context of [...]
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An additional disease, disorder, or condition that occurs or develops during the course of another disease or disorder or during a medical procedure Source: https://dictionary.apa.org/complication
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The process of official approval (usually defined by an authority) that a computational model fulfils specific requirements and therefore can be used for a specific [...]
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The process of official approval (usually defined by an authority) that a computational model fulfils specific requirements and therefore can be used for a specific [...]
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Computer simulation is a method that has been used for many years by the automative industry as a development tool. It can be used to [...]
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A result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/consequence
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A coping style refers to an individual’s relatively stable and characteristic way of responding to stressors, adversity, or emotionally challenging situations. It involves cognitive and [...]
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The strength of a relationship between two sequences of values. This is a state or finding, not an action. Source: WP3/4
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If a vehicle crashes or someone crashes it, it is involved in a collision, usually a serious one in which the vehicle is damaged and [...]
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The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined deficiency in the body as the impairment of psychological, physiological, or anatomical integrity or loss of function or [...]
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In psychology and psychiatry, the concept of depression refers to an affective disorder characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest, decreased energy, and a [...]
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Structured frameworks for identifying and categorising mental disorders based on symptom clusters, duration, severity, and impact—e.g. DSM‑5 and ICD‑11. Source: APA, DSM‑5 (2013); WHO, ICD‑11 (2017); see also Maj, 2005
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Experiencing discomfort, pain or slowness; needing to use increased effort; or having to make changes in the way an activity is done. Source: Measuring Health [...]
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In respect to the assessment and evaluation of LTCs, dimensions are intended as those aspects of a person's functioning and well being that can be [...]
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An alteration of an individual’s capacity to meet personal, social or occupational demands. Source: AMA
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A disruption of integrated mental processes such as memory, identity, consciousness, or perception. Can include depersonalisation, derealisation, dissociative amnesia or identity fragmentation. Source: DSM‑5 definition; [...]
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a comprehensive classification system developed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for diagnosing and categorizing [...]
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The effect of an injury on the economy of an individual and its family, Includes healthcare consumption and productivity losses. Source: Herrera-Escobar JP, Osman SY, [...]
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Frequency of changes in occupation, position, status post injury. Has two dimensions: 1) the duration of employment (tenure) and (2) the regularity at which a [...]
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Contextual factors that include the background of a person's life and living, composed of components of the natural environment (weather or terrain); the human-made environment [...]
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Factors in a person's environment that, through their absence or presence, improve functioning and reduce disability. Includes aspects such as an accessible physical environment; availability [...]
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The state of feeling very tired, weary or sleepy resulting from insufficient sleep, prolonged mental or physical work, or extended periods of stress or anxiety [...]
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The term “first responder” includes a firefighter, law enforcement officer, paramedic, emergency medical technician, or other individual (including an employee of a legally organized and [...]
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An umbrella term for body functions, body structures, activities and participation. Denotes the positive aspects of the interaction between an individual (with a health condition) [...]
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The goodness of fit is found by assessing how close two results (e.g. curves) are. Source: WP3/4
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Grief is a natural, multifaceted response to loss, particularly the loss of someone to whom a person has formed a strong emotional bond. It encompasses [...]
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The condition of one’s mind, body, and spirit, the idea being freedom from illness, injury, pain, and distress. Health condition: A disease that is short [...]
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Description of the use of services by patients for treating physical post-traumatic sequelae. Source: 0
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Activities involved with the physical, emotional, financial and psychological needs of the household or family. Includes tasks traditionally performed by men, such as managing finances, [...]
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An individual’s cognitive appraisal and personal understanding of a medical condition and its potential consequences. Illness perception focuses on how one experiences and mentally frames [...]
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A loss, loss of use, of derangement of any body part, organ system, or organ function. An impairment may arise from an injury or an [...]
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A person who was not involved in the crash but who got indirectly affected by the consequences of the crash such as family members, rescue [...]
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Physical problem that arose from some sort of external trauma to the body such as a fall. Source: Alghnam S, Wegener ST, Bhalla K, Colantuoni [...]
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Severity is a method of describing the acuity of injuries suffered by a casualty involved in a crash. Source: https://wiki.roadsafetyanalysis.org/wiki/index.php?title=KSI#The_term_KSI
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The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a globally used medical classification that is used in epidemiology, health management and clinical diagnosis. The International Classification [...]
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The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, known more commonly as ICF, is a classification of health and health-related domains. Source: https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/international-classification-of-functioning-disability-and-health
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A person involved in the crash but not necessarily injured; a participant to the crash. Source: 0
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Refer to the outcomes of a road traffic crash, immediate or after an extended period of time, and can be physical, psychological, social, economic, or [...]
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The functional impairment caused by disability and pain of the lower limb, from hip to foot. Source: Herrera-Escobar JP, Osman SY, Das S, Toppo A, [...]
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A mental disorder is a clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotional regulation, or behaviour that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or [...]
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Mental health is a state of mental well-being that enables people to cope with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work [...]
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Also known as affective disorders, this group is marked by persistent and significant mood changes that impair daily functioning—ranging from low mood (depression), elevated mood [...]
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Immediate psychological and medical care provided at the scene of an accident/crash—includes psychological first aid and critical incident stress debriefing for emergency responders and bystanders. [...]
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An unpleasant sensation resulting from damage to nerve tissue, stimulation of free nerve endings, or excessive stimulation. Although pain is generally considered a physical phenomenon, [...]
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A person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity (1). When specifically referring to road traffic crashes, it is a person [...]
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A person’s involvement in a life situation. Represents the societal perspective of functioning (1) Participation restrictions (vA): Problems an individual may experience in involvement in [...]
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A person who is walking, especially in an area where vehicles go. Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/pedestrian
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Dissociative experiences during or immediately after trauma—including depersonalisation, derealisation, altered sense of time/place/person, emotional numbing—linked to increased PTSD risk. Source: Marmar et al. 1994; Breh [...]
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Any assistance from a person used to aid in the execution of an activity. May be paid or unpaid and may be completed by a [...]
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Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure. Physical activity includes exercise, as well as other activities which involve bodily movement and [...]
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The ability to move in one's environment with ease and without restriction. Impaired physical mobility thus is defined as the state in which an individual [...]
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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is a mental health condition that may occur after experiencing trauma. Those affected often relive the event, avoid reminders, experience hypervigilance, [...]
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A powered vehicle with two wheels, usually a motorcycle, scooter, or moped. Source: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/two-wheeler?q=two-wheelers
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Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is a formal mental health diagnosis characterized by persistent, intense grief that causes significant functional impairment and does not resolve naturally [...]
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Mental health outcomes defined within diagnostic classifications, including disorders such as PTSD, mood and anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, etc. Source: Rooted in DSM‑5 and ICD‑11 [...]
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Units that arrive at accident scenes: e.g. paramedics, firefighters, police, search and rescue. Source: See Schulz & Griffin (American Journal of Psychiatry, 1997); systematic review [...]
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Return to pre-injury job. Source: Herrera-Escobar JP, Osman SY, Das S, Toppo A, Orlas CP, Castillo-Angeles M, Rosario A, Janjua MB, Arain MA, Reidy E, [...]
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A measure of well-being assessed in terms of mood, satisfaction with relationships, achieved goals, self-concepts, and self-perceived ability to cope with one's daily life. Source: [...]
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Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder (STSD) refers to the development of PTSD-like symptoms in individuals who are indirectly exposed to trauma, typically through close contact with [...]
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As assessed by WHODAS 2.0, sexual activity includes hugging, kissing, fondling, other intimate or sexual acts, and sexual intercourse (1). Sexual functioning: How the body [...]
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An individual's interactions with their environment and the ability to fulfill their role within such environments as work, social activities, and relationships with partners and [...]
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Temperament refers to the biologically based individual differences in emotional, attentional, and behavioral reactivity and self-regulation that are evident early in life, are relatively stable [...]
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A deep psychological injury or shock resulting from an extremely stressful, terrifying, or jarring event that exceeds the individual's capacity to cope emotionally. May stem [...]
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A group of mental disorders that develop following single or repeated traumatic events. The most recognised is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), but others include [...]
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Mental dysfunction that may result when an individual lives through or witnesses an event in which he or she believes that there is a threat [...]
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A functional impairment caused by disability and pain of the upper limb, which includes the shoulder complex, elbow, wrist, and hand. Source: Herrera-Escobar JP, Osman [...]
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The validation of a system, method, or model is the process of determining that the results of a system, method, or model are, to a [...]
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The process of determining the degree to which a model is able to represent the real world in the context of its intended use. The [...]
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The verification of a system, method, or model is the process of checking that a system, method or model meets the design specifications that were [...]
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The process of determining that a simulation model (computational model + solver) accurately represents the underlying mathematical model and its solution. This is done by [...]
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Virtual Testing based vehicle safety assessment is the applicaiton of an official procedure using computer simulation to test and assess vehicle safety performance. Source: WP3/4
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Vulnerable road users are a class of road users who are not protected by the safety features inherent in a vehicle's design. Usually, they include: [...]
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A person who has seen the event happening, was present at the time of the crash but not directly involved in the action (1). Posttraumatic [...]
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An activity, such as a job, that a person uses physical or mental effort to do, usually for money (1) . Work status: the change [...]
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